Indiana Jones is an American media franchise owned by Lucasfilm based on the adventures of Dr. Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones Jr., a fictional professor of archaeology, that began in 1981 with the film Raiders of the Lost Ark. In 1984, a prequel, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, was released, and in 1989, a sequel, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. A fourth film followed in 2008, titled Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. A fifth film, titled Indiana Jones and The Dial of Destiny, released in 2023. The series was created by George Lucas and stars Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones. The first four films were directed by Steven Spielberg, who worked closely with Lucas during their production. The franchise also includes a number of non-film media, including the 1992 to 1993 prequel TV series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, comics, the pinball game Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure (1993), and various video games such as Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis (1992) and Indiana Jones and the Great Circle (2024).