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Species: archaic human
Archaic human is a broad category denoting all species of the genus Homo that are not Homo sapiens (which are known as modern humans).
Archaic humans are distinguished from anatomically modern humans by having a thick skull, smaller cranial cavities (and thus brains), prominent supraorbital ridges (brow ridges) and the lack of a prominent chin. With the earliest known archaic human fossil being LD-350-1 (a partial left jawbone of incertae sedis), the Homo has been dated as far back as 2.75–2.8 million years ago, but all members sans the youngest species of Homo sapiens are extinct as recently as 25,000 years ago.
Due to paleoanthropologist interest in the evolution of human species, the taxonomy of archaic humans are of constant debate and study. Some arguments stipulate that some species (often lesser known to the general public) are misidentified members of more recognized Homo species, or even belong to ancestral genii such as Australopithecus or Paranthropus (with a handful species reclassified to and from these genii), or even subspecies of modern humans. These stances are taken due to factors such as a lack or prominence of overt physical distinctions in fossils or that holotypes consist of evidence as little as a single tooth.
List of archaic humans
- pioneer man — †Homo antecessor (José María Bermúdez de Castro et al., 1997)
- Ceprano man — †Homo cepranensis (Carnieri Mallegni et al., 2003)⒈
- upright man — †Homo erectus (Eugène Dubois, 1893)
- Java man — †Homo erectus erectus (Eugène Dubois, 1892)
- Peking man — †Homo erectus pekinensis (Davidson Black & Otto K.J. Zdansky, 1927)
- †Homo ergaster (Colin Groves & Vratislav Mazák, 1975)
- Flores man — †Homo floresiensis (Peter Brown et al., 2004)
- †Homo gautengsis (Darren Curnoe, 2010)
- Dmanisi man — †Homo georgicus (Léo Gabounia et al., 2002)
- handy man — †Homo habilis (Louis S.B. Leakey et al., 1964)
- †Homo heidelbergensis (Otto K.F. Schoetensack, 1908)
- Florisbad Skull — †Homo helmei (Thomas F. Dreyer, 1935)⒈
- †Homo longi (Quang Ji et al, 2021)⒈
- Callao man — †Homo luzonensis (Florent Détroit et al., 2019)
- †Homo naledi (Lee R. Berger et al., 2015)
- neanderthal — †Homo neanderthalensis (William King, 1864)
- Rhodesian man— †Homo rhodesiensis (Arthur S. Woodward, 1921)
- †Homo rudolfensis (Valery P. Alekseyev, 1986)
- Penghu 1 — †Homo tsaichangensis (Mark A.S. McMenamin, 2015)⒈
- Denisovan — †incertae sedis
⒈ denotes "species" is only known from a single fossil; there is questionable validity to taxon.
Fictional archaic humans
- bigfoot *Some interpretations
- SCP-1000 — Homo nocturnalis (SCP Foundation | thedeadlymoose, 2011)
- daeva — Homo sanguinis (SCP Foundation | AssertiveRoland, 2010)
- Homo ignotus (SCP Foundation | Kalinin, 2012)
See also
External links
The following tags are aliased to this tag: homo_(genus) (learn more).
This tag implicates hominin (learn more).
The following tags implicate this tag: denisovan, homo_antecessor, homo_erectus, homo_ergaster, homo_floresiensis, homo_georgicus, homo_habilis, homo_heidelbergensis, homo_helmei, homo_luzonensis, homo_naledi, homo_rhodesiensis, homo_rudolfensis, neanderthal (learn more).
